At 1776 ft., SOM's David Childs's design for the tallest building in North America opened,&nbsp;

 SOM / Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

Located at the northwest corner of the WTC site 

The statue was dedicated on Veterans Day, in a ceremony led by Vice President Joe Biden and Lt. Gen. John Mulholland, commander of Task Force Dagger and U.S. Army Special Operations Command during Operation Enduring Freedom.

Liberty Park

President Calvin Coolidge, aboard his yacht, the Mayflower, at anchor in the Potomac River, pressed a button that rang a large brass bell at the entrance.

At the time no one thought it would be possible to exhaust that much carbon monoxide for the amount of traffic envisioned. The solution was a tri-level tunnel where the cars are on the mid-level and fresh air and exhaust plenums above and below with two ventilation shafts that 'frame' the Hudson River, one on the West Side &amp; its mate in New Jersey.

Plaque

Liberty Park opened as a one acre public park on top of the Vehicular Security Center

Considered a traffic breakthrough at the time, the concept went on to get implemented widely.

The 9/11 Memorial is a tribute of remembrance, honoring the 2,977 people killed in the terror attacks of September 11, 2001 at the World Trade Center site, near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, and at the Pentagon, as well as the six people killed in the World Trade Center bombing on February 26, 1993.The 9/11 Memorial is located at the site of the former World Trade Center complex and occupies approximately half of the 16-acre site. The Memorial’s twin reflecting pools are each nearly an acre in size and feature the largest man-made waterfalls in North America.

The World Trade Center Memorial design competition drew 5,201 entries from 63 nations. In 2004, architect Michael Arad, with landscape architect Peter Walker, won with Reflecting Absence. Arad became a partner at Handel Architects shortly after.

Ground Zero

St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church and National Shrine

After the spherical caryatid found a temporary location in New York's Battery Park between 2002 and 2017, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey moved it back close to its original location. Having become a major tourist attraction, the unrestored sculpture was rededicated on August 16, 2017, by the Port Authority at a permanent location in Liberty Park overlooking the September 11 Memorial and its original location.

This bronze sphere was originally commissioned by the Port Authority for the plaza of the World Trade Center.

The Sphere was relocated to Battery Park, after it was repaired from the 9/11 damage Franz Koenig's. The world's largest bronze sculpture of modern times stood between the twin towers on the Austin J. Tobin Plaza of the World Trade Center in New York City from 1971 until the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. The work, weighing more than 20 tons, was the only remaining work of art to be recovered largely intact from the ruins of the collapsed twin towers after the attacks. After being dismantled and stored near a hangar at John F. Kennedy International Airport, the sculpture was the subject of the 2001 documentary Koenig's Sphere. Since then, the bronze sphere, primarily known in the United States as The Sphere, has been transformed into a symbolic memorial to commemorate 9/11.

The artwork was badly damaged by the debris from September 11th and became an iconic symbol of survival. There was considerable discussion, and even a film, Koenig's Kugel by the German Director Percy Adlon was made about including it as part of the 9/11 memorial at Ground Zero, but the sculpture was then moved in 2002 near Hopes Garden in Battery Park.

Austin J. Tobin Plaza of the World Trade Center

Battery Park

 Beyer Blinder Belle Architects & Planners LLP / Port Authority NY/NJ

 Upper Level plan &amp;amp;&amp;nbsp;Lower Level plan  Beyer Blinder Belle Architects & Planners LLP / Port Authority NY/NJ

 Upper Level plan &amp;amp; Lower level plan  Beyer Blinder Belle Architects & Planners LLP / Port Authority NY/NJ

  Beyer Blinder Belle Architects & Planners LLP,  Port Authority of New York & New Jersey

 &copy;Yale University Manuscripts and Archives

   Port Authority of New York & New Jersey

Santiago Calatrava's 'Oculus' opened with a price tag reported at $4 billion, one of the most expensive transit hubs ever built.

The TEUPEN TL 156AX, or “Big Red” as it is affectionately known. It has an articulated arm that can reach the highest point of the Oculus skylight at 160 feet above the floor and can extend over 50 feet horizontally.

World Trade Center Transportation Hub

About 13,000 lighting fixtures have been installed throughout the Oculus to reduce energy consumption and increase the life expectancy of the lamps as part of a sustainability program. The program also brought a new feature to the Oculus that allows the rib-uplighting to be changed to any color.

The first building completed at Ground Zero was the architecturally inspirational transportation hub with the Oculus as the iconic public entry to commect the disparate subway and PATH systems, and improve of east-west pedestrian connectivity. The goals also included a place for transportation, retail, and community in a way that had not been experienced in the past, while also providing simple and easy to navigate connections to the commercial components of the World Trade Center Site. The below-grade Concourses, transit entrances to Towers 1, 2 and 4, and the PATH Mezzanine with Platforms A and B, are now open to the public and achieving the civic goals established in the days when such things seemed almost insurmountable.&nbsp;

 Michael Mahesh/The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

                                            
                                            
                                            
                                                Santiago Calatrava talks about September 11th and how it affected him and the design for the PATH station transportation hub.
                                            
                                        

The Lower Manhattan Cultural Council devised a summer program to revitalize Lower Manhattan after 9/11 by promoting cultural activity and founded the River to River Festival &nbsp;

Lower Manhattan

River to River Festival

 Opened in 1962, the TWA Flight Center (also known as the Trans World Flight Center) is designed by Eero Saarinen for Trans World Airlines at New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK). Conceived with notions of speed as well as references to a bird, the TWA features a prominent wing-shaped thin shell roof over the main terminal of the JFK. The concrete shell, which inspired Saarinen to develop curvilinear ceramic tiles, established the TWA as a modernist piece of architecture that challenged the modernist notion of simplistic linearity. 

TWA Flight Center

Donald Fram, Chief Architect of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, discusses the historic renovation of Eero Saarinen's TWA Terminal at New York City's JFK Airport.

Richard Southwick of Beyer Blinder Belle Architects & Planners LLP discusses the historic renovation of Eero Saarinen's TWA Terminal at New York City's JFK Airport.

Originally proposed in 1930, the tunnel was not funded until 1933. Work was undertaken from both sides concurrently which meant that the holes on both sides needed to match. &nbsp;In order to withstand the high air pressure needed to keep the water from seeping in, the ‘Sandhogs’ as the workers were known had to enter the tunnel through airlocks which would gradually increase the pressure as they descended from lock to lock. &nbsp;Because of the Depression and the War it took nearly a decade to build the first two tubes. &nbsp;

Lincoln Tunnel

 The present building is located at the heart of the revitalised World Trade Center site in New York. The brief called for the design of a new commercial skyscraper to deliver a total of 2.5million sq ft (above ground area) designed within the guidelines of the previously developed Studio Libeskind masterplan for the site. The brief for 3 World Trade Center outlined the building&rsquo;s function as the site&rsquo;s commercial core and aimed to address the issue of balancing retail and office space, while also complementing and acknowledging the WTC Memorial. Tower 3 has an orthogonal relationship to the main space between the Memorial water pools and to further complement this relationship, the central zone of the building reduces in mass as it rises towards the sky. The effect is a stepped profile which accentuates the building&rsquo;s verticality, relative to the memorial site and is sympathetic to the height and position of the neighbouring buildings. The design includes five trading floors, 53 office floors (totalling 2.5 million sq ft (232,255 m&sup2;)) of above ground area, five retail levels, and eight mechanical floors which serve trading and office floors, 44 passenger lifts and two principal stairwells. The lower section of Tower 3 &ndash; the &lsquo;podium building&rsquo; &ndash; contains the tower&rsquo;s retail element and the trading floors, and the upper levels hold the office space. The streetscape is activated by retail fa&ccedil;ades enabling free-flowing movement of shoppers between five levels of retail, three above ground and two below, served by two lifts and four stairwells. To maximise sustainability in terms of the building&rsquo;s day-to-day functioning, similar &lsquo;green design&rsquo; features as those included in the design of 7 World Trade Center have been incorporated. The design team ensured energy use and costs were significantly reduced compared to typical Manhattan office buildings, and has achieved &lsquo;Gold&rsquo; Certification for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design from the U.S. Green Buildings Council. 

 Construction was delayed until 2014 because of a lack of an anchor tenant. The building's concrete core was topped out to maximum height in August 2016, with the perimeter steel structure following on October 6, 2016. 

 When American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into the North Tower at 1 WTC, its landing gear fell on the hotel's roof. Firefighters used the lobby as a staging area, and were also in the hotel to evacuate guests that may have still been inside. The collapse of the South Tower at 2 WTC split the building in half. Fourteen people who had been trying to evacuate the partially destroyed hotel after the first collapse managed to survive the second collapse in this small section. 

 The original building at the site was the Marriott World Trade Center, designed by SOM, which was a 22-story, 825-room hotel at 3 World Trade Center. It opened in April 1981 as the Vista International Hotel and was the first major hotel to open in Lower Manhattan south of Canal Street since 1836. 

3 World Trade Center

St. Nicholas replaced the original church of the same name that was destroyed during the September 11 attacks in 2001—the only house of worship, and only building outside the original World Trade Center complex, to be completely destroyed. &nbsp;Its architecture draws from Byzantine influences, namely the Church of the Savior and the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, as well as from the Parthenon in Athens. One of the most unique features of his design is a glowing façade made of 1,000 eighth-inch thick panels of Pentelic marble, sandwiched between panes of glass. This material allows light to indirectly filter into the church during the day and for the walls to have a warm glow from the outside at night. &nbsp;In addition to serving as a Greek Orthodox parish, St. Nicholas is officially planned as a "House of Prayer for all people" that will function as a national shrine and community center, incorporating a secular bereavement space, social hall, and various educational and interfaith programs.

Before the Port Authority Bus Terminal (PABT) was built, multiple bus terminals were scattered throughout Midtown Manhattan, including the All American Bus Depot, the Consolidated Bus Terminal, and others located within hotels. The Dixie Bus Center operated out of the Dixie Hotel from 1930 to 1959. Notably, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad had a terminal with a revolving platform in the Chanin Building. With the opening of the Lincoln Tunnel in 1937 and growing bus traffic, the need for a consolidated terminal became evident, leading to the eventual creation of PABT in 1950.

Expanded in 1979, but congestion issues persist due to its high volume and lack of layover space. Plans are underway to reconstruct the terminal, incorporating new facilities.

In 1997, a study led by Professor Marcus Felson of Rutgers University proposed design and supervisory changes to reduce crime at the Port Authority Bus Terminal. In 2007, the terminal's South Wing underwent a $52 million seismic retrofit to enhance earthquake resilience. Additionally, in 1995, PKSB Architects designed improvements including a titanium facade, a canopy at the entrance, and stainless steel cladding for the terminal's ramps and bridges, with the project being completed in 2008.

The Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan is the world's busiest bus terminal, serving over 225,000 passengers daily and 65 million annually. It operates 223 departure gates and connects to both commuter and long-distance buses, particularly serving New Jersey commuters.&nbsp;

Port Authority Bus Terminal

The land was leased to Trinity Church, which then gained title to the land under a 212-acre (86-hectare) patent from Queen Anne in 1705. During this time, the land became known as the "Church Farm"

1776 Ratzer Map - a swampy wetland of upland and salt marsh. A 62-acre farmstead granted to Dutch immigrant Roeloff Jansen in 1636 by New Amsterdam governor Wouter van Twiller

The year it was sold to be replaced by a railroad freight depot. St. John's Chapel can be seen in the background. Presumably from the Hudson Street side. The scene depicts ice skaters during the winter of 1866. St. John's Chapel can be seen in the background.

on the former site of St. John's Park.Source: Manual of the Corporation of the city of New York

The name "St. John's Park", after the church, had begun to be used instead of "Hudson Square".

St. John's Park

The St. John's Park Freight terminal was demolished in 1927 to allow the construction of exits from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey's Holland Tunnel.

JFK International Airport

JFK International Airport Terminal 4

﻿﻿JFK International Airport Terminal 4

A joint venture between the U.S. states of New York and New Jersey, through an interstate compact authorized by the United States Congress. The Port Authority oversees much of the regional transportation infrastructure, including bridges, tunnels, airports, and seaports, within the geographical jurisdiction of the Port of New York and New Jersey. This 1,500-square-mile port district is generally encompassed within a 25-mile radius of the Statue of Liberty National Monument.

The Port Authority headquarter