Stephen Moylan was an Irish‑born patriot, merchant, and cavalry officer whose career placed him at the center of the American Revolution’s military and political networks. Born in Cork, Ireland, he immigrated to Philadelphia in the 1760s and quickly became known for his linguistic skill, international connections, and organizational talent—qualities that made him invaluable to the Continental Army.
Moylan served directly under George Washington in several key roles, including Muster‑Master General, Secretary to the Commander‑in‑Chief, and later Quartermaster General, where he confronted the immense logistical challenges of supplying the army. He is best remembered for commanding the Fourth Continental Light Dragoons, known as “Moylan’s Horse,” one of the Revolution’s most effective cavalry units, active in campaigns across Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York.
After the war, Moylan returned to Philadelphia, resumed his mercantile career, and later served as Collector of Customs for the Port of Philadelphia, reflecting his stature in the new republic. He died in 1811 and is remembered as one of the Revolution’s most capable immigrant officers—an example of the international character of the patriot leadership.
Stephen Moylan is one of the earliest documented people to use the phrase “United States of America,” and he is very likely the first to use it in official military correspondence.
