 The 70 foot tall sculpture, Joie de Vivre was Mark di Suvero's first artwork in New York City. It was relocated to the recently renovated Zucotti Park in 2005 (the current site of Occupy Wall Street). 

Zucotti Park

Joie De Vivre

 Jean Parker Phifer, NYC architect and author of Public Art New York, reads a selection on the sculptures Joie de Vivre and Red Cube, designed by Mark di Suvero and Isamu Noguchi respectively. They are combined because of their close proximity and color, causing an exciting relationship between the two. 

Protesters set up camp in Zuccotti Park bringing economic inequality into the national spotlight spawning a worldwide Occupy movement. The Canadian anti-consumerist and pro-environment group/magazine Adbusters initiated the call for a protest. The main issues raised by Occupy Wall Street were social and economic inequality, greed, corruption, and the undue influence of corporations on government&mdash;particularly from the financial services sector. The OWS slogan, "We are the 99%", refers to income and wealth inequality in the U.S. between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population.

Zuccotti Park

Occupy Wall Street

The site was the location of the first coffeehouse in colonial New York City, The King's Arms which opened under the ownership of Lieutenant John Hutchins in 1696. It stood on the west side of Broadway between Crown (now Liberty) Street and Little Queen (now Cedar) Street.Some chroniclers of New York's early days are confident that the first coffee house in America was opened in New York; but the earliest authenticated record they have presented is that on November 1, 1696, John Hutchins bought a lot on Broadway, between Trinity churchyard and what is now Cedar Street, and there built a house, naming it the King's Arms. Against this record, Boston can present the statement in Samuel Gardner Drake's History and Antiquities of the City of Boston that Benj. Harris sold books at the "London Coffee House" in 1689.The King's Arms was built of wood, and had a front of yellow brick, said to have been brought from Holland. The building was two stories high, and on the roof was an "observatory," arranged with seats and commanding a fine view of the bay, the river, and the city. Here the coffee-house visitors frequently sat in the afternoons.The sides of the main room on the lower floor were lined with booths, which, for the sake of greater privacy, were screened with green curtains. There a patron could sip his coffee, or a more stimulating drink, and look over his mail in the same exclusiveness affected by the Londoner of the time.The rooms on the second floor were used for special meetings of merchants, colonial magistrates and overseers, or similar public and private business. The meeting room, as above described, seems to have been one of the chief features distinguishing a coffee house from a tavern. Although both types of houses had rooms for guests, and served meals, the coffee house was used for business purposes by permanent customers, while the tavern was patronized more by transients. Men met at the coffee house daily to carry on business, and went to the tavern for convivial purposes or lodgings. Before the front door hung the sign of "the lion and the unicorn fighting for the crown."The meeting room, as above described, seems to have been one of the chief features distinguishing a coffee house from a tavern. Although both types of houses had rooms for guests, and served meals, the coffee house was used for business purposes by permanent customers, while the tavern was patronized more by transients. Men met at the coffee house daily to carry on business, and went to the tavern for convivial purposes or lodgings. Before the front door hung the sign of "the lion and the unicorn fighting for the crown."

 William Penn makes his first purchase of coffee in the green bean from New York merchants in 1683. 

Illustration taken from&lt;em&gt; 'All About Coffee'&lt;/em&gt; by William H Ukers  

&lt;p&gt;The early records of the city infrequently mention the Burns coffee house, sometimes calling it a tavern. It is likely that the place was more an inn than a coffee house. It was kept for a number of years by George Burns, near the Battery, and was located in the historic old De Lancey house, which afterward became the City hotel.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; 

&lt;p&gt;Illustration taken from&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;'All About Coffee'&lt;/em&gt; by William H Ukers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It stood for many years on Broadway, opposite Bowling Green, in the old De Lancey House, becoming known in 1763 as the King's Arms, and later the Atlantic Garden House&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Burns remained the proprietor until 1762, when it was taken over by a Mrs. Steele, who gave it the name of the King's Arms. Edward Barden became the landlord in 1768. In later years it became known as the Atlantic Garden house. Traitor Benedict Arnold is said to have lodged in the old tavern after deserting to the enemy.&lt;/p&gt; 

&lt;p&gt;Illustration taken from&amp;nbsp;'All About Coffee'&amp;nbsp;by William H Ukers&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Left, Smith Richards, grocer and confectioner, "at the sign of the tea canister and two sugar loaves" (1773); center, the King's Arms, originally Burns coffee house (1767); right, George Webster, Grocer, "at the sign of the three sugar loaves"&lt;/p&gt; 

The 1st Coffee House in New York

 On September 6, 1773, the Tea Act was printed in the New-York Gazette, along with the news that 600 chests of Company tea were already en-route to the colonies. The city was outraged; the Tea Act was a flagrant extension of the Indemnity Act* because it granted the Company more power over the colonies' supply of goods. By building government-granted East India outposts, colonists must rely on their supply and price of goods of the Company. 

 Summoned by the Sons of Liberty, a huge crowd assembled outside the coffee house to denounce the Tea Act, and agents of the East India Trading Company who were handling cargoes of dutied tea. It was perhaps the first public demonstration in opposition to the Tea Act in the American colonies. 

 On December 15, 1773, two-hundred New York merchants, lawyers, artisans, and other businessmen signed a petition against the importation of any Company tea. The petition boldly proclaimed "execution of that Act, involves our slavery, and would sap the foundation of our freedom, whereby we should become slaves to our brethren...born to no greater stock of freedom than the Americans-the merchants and inhabitants of this city, in conjunction with the merchants and inhabitants of the ancient American colonies, entered into an agreement to decline a part of their commerce with Great Britain, until the above-mentioned Act should be totally repealed.&rdquo; 

The site was the location of the first coffeehouse in colonial New York City, The King's Arms which opened under the ownership of Lieutenant John Hutchins in 1696. It stood on the west side of Broadway between Crown (now Liberty) Street and Little Queen (now Cedar) Street.

&lt;p&gt;"To the friends of liberty, and commerce, Gentlemen. It must be strongly marked on your minds, that the end of the last non-importation agreement, was to obtain a repeal of the tyrannical act of Parliament, that impose a duty on glass, painter's colours, paper, tea &amp;amp;c... This infamous, forbid and parasitional declaration of William Kelley, has emboldened the company to determine to send the tea to America ...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;By order of the Legion's committee &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cassius"&lt;/p&gt; 

The First Opposition to the Tea Act in New York

 Double Check is a sculpture of a businessman searching through his briefcase. The statue was originally installed in Liberty Park Plaza in front of the World Trade Center. Images of it after the attacks proved it survived September 11. The restored statue was returned to the now renamed Zuccotti Park. 

&lt;p&gt;The 'everyman' businessman presence in Liberty Park who, before, had faded into the background amongst this human brethren, has been called 'the survivor'. He was lifted, battered yet whole, from the dust and rubble after the September 11, 2001 tragedy. The parks have since been rebuilt, and this bronze man sits near his original site, bearing scratches and bruises he sustained that day as a poignant reminder of hope and endurance for us all.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;copy; 1982 The Seward Johnson Atelier, Inc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;www.sewardjohnsonatelier.org&lt;/p&gt; 

Double Check

The park was created in 1968 by Pittsburgh-based United States Steel, after the property owners negotiated its creation with city officials. It was named Liberty Plaza Park because it was situated one block south of One Liberty Plaza. The park's northwest corner is across the street from Four World Trade Center. It has been popular with local tourists and financial workers. The park was one of the few open spaces with tables and seats in the Financial District.

Located one block from the World Trade Center, the park was heavily damaged in the September 11 attacks. It was covered with debris. The park was subsequently used as a staging area for the recovery efforts after the destruction of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. The plaza was later used as the site of several events commemorating the anniversary of the attacks.

 The park reopened after an $8 million renovation designed by Cooper, Robertson &amp; Partners. It was renamed Zuccotti Park in honor of John E. Zuccotti, former City Planning Commission chairman and first deputy mayor under Abe Beame and the then-chairman of Brookfield Properties, which used private money to renovate the park. Currently, the park has a wide variety of trees, granite sidewalks, tables and seats, as well as lights built into the ground, which illuminate the area.  

A 33,000-square-foot publicly accessible park in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City. It is located in a privately owned public space (POPS) controlled by Brookfield Properties and Goldman Sachs. Zuccotti Park is bounded by Broadway to the east, Liberty Street to the north, Trinity Place to the west, and Cedar Street to the south.

&lt;p&gt;Lights built into the ground, which illuminate the area&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 

Zuccotti Park

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