Inventor Luther Simjian created the "Bankograph," a machine capable of accepting coins, cash, and checks—though it couldn’t dispense cash. His patent for the device was filed in 1960 and granted in 1963. Simjian's company, Reflectone Electronics, was acquired, which delayed the rollout.
Installed, 1961
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An experimental Bankograph was installed in NYC by the City Bank of New York, but it was removed after six months due to limited customer interest. The bank declined to use the machine after that, because “the only people using the machines were a small number of prostitutes and gamblers.”
Installed, June 27, 1967
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A cash machine was put into use by Barclays Bank, Enfield, north London in the UK, which is recognized as the world's first ATM. The Inventor was John Shepherd-Barron, an employee of De La Rue. The unit allowed customers to withdraw up to £10 at a time, required a PIN.
Installed, 1977
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The Citibank ATM Card was introduced. They initiated a large-scale installation of ATMs across New York City. This investment, estimated at over $100 million, was initially met with public skepticism and slow adoption. The January 1978 blizzard brought with it 20 inches of snow, forcing banks to remain closed for several days. ATM usage surged by approximately 20% during the storm. Following the blizzard, Citibank capitalized on this newfound popularity with a successful advertising campaign featuring people braving the snow to use ATMs, introducing the memorable slogan, "The Citi Never Sleeps". By 1981, Citibank's market share of deposits in New York had reportedly doubled, largely attributed to the popularity of its ATM network.