The Shiloh Presbyterian Church, originally founded as the First Colored Presbyterian Church in 1822 by Samuel Cornish, was a significant center for radical Black leadership and abolitionism. Its prominent pastors, including Cornish, Theodore Wright, and Henry Highland Garnet, were key figures in the anti-slavery movement. The church was an active part of the Underground Railroad, and Garnet, a former slave, called for direct action against slavery. He organized a memorial for John Brown after his execution for leading an armed rebellion. Today, the church's legacy continues in Harlem's St. James Presbyterian Church.