The German art school was operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and the fine arts, becoming famous for its approach to design, which attempted to unify the principles of mass production with individual artistic vision and strove to combine aesthetics with everyday function. It was grounded in the idea of creating a Gesamtkunstwerk, or "comprehensive artwork", in which all the arts would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style later became one of the most influential currents in modernist architecture, art, education, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography. The school existed in three German cities—Weimar, from 1919 to 1925; Dessau, from 1925 to 1932; and Berlin, from 1932 to 1933—under three different architect-directors: Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1928; Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930; and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the Nazi regime. Although the school was closed, the staff continued to spread its idealistic precepts as they left Germany and emigrated all over the world.
